What causes this phenomenon?
Auroras
The northern lights, also known as the aurora borealis or auroras, are one of nature's most spectacular displays.
Auroras occur when charged particles from the sun collide with gases in Earth's upper atmosphere. These ghostly glows are most visible near the magnetic poles. But thanks to increasing solar activity, they're now appearing farther south and more frequently than usual.
Whether you're planning a trip to see the northern lights or just curious about the science behind them, here's everything you need to know about what causes the northern lights and when and where to see them.
TOP DESTINATIONS
Best places to see the lights
Tromsø, Norway
Tromsø, Norway is a prime location for seeing the northern lights due to its geographical position within the auroral oval. The city is situated directly below this oval, making it a hotspot for witnessing the lights.
Best time
From late August to early April, with peak visibility between December and February during the Polar Night when the city is shrouded in almost continuous darkness.
Tip
To maximize your chances, stay in Tromsø for at least 3-5 days, as weather conditions can change.
Blue Lagoon, Iceland
The Blue Lagoon's location, which is away from the city, offers a good chance of spotting the aurora because it's less affected by light pollution than areas closer to Reykjavik.
Best time
Typically between September and April. This period offers the longest and darkest nights, which are essential for optimal viewing conditions. The lights are most often visible between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m.
Tip
It's recommended that you spend at least 7 nights in the country for the greatest odds.
Fairbanks, Alaska
Fairbanks is a prime location to witness the northern lights due to its ideal location within the auroral oval. Additionally, its low light pollution and relatively clear night skies create optimal viewing conditions.
Best time
While the aurora can be seen throughout the season, Fairbanks' aurora viewing opportunities are particularly good from September to April due to the longer nights and more chance of clear skies.
Tip
Staying for at least 3-4 nights increases your likelihood of having at least one clear night.